![]() Was referring to fire safety when he said, “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound Proactive measures-suchĪs routine vaccination-work well and are cost-effective. Interventions are hard, costly, and take time to implement. Can you explain the benefits of proactive measures to control future outbreaks compared Have the opportunity to prevent further spread. If we can intervene early and trace people’s contacts, we ![]() When most transmission occurs before symptoms arise and when the people most at riskĪre the hardest to reach. It is much harder to intervene once transmission is sustained in a community, particularly What is the importance of targeting populations where local transmission of hepatitis ![]() We estimated that those interventions prevented much larger, prolonged epidemics. Outbreaks in the rest of the state were seeded later and were slower to take off, ![]() The difficulty of targeting vaccines to high-risk populations. We think that this was due to a combination of the speed of the outbreak and We found that the vaccinationĬampaign in Southeast Michigan did not substantially impact the course of the outbreak The epicenter of the outbreak in Michigan was in the Detroit area of Southeast Michigan,Īnd from there it jumped to other areas of the state. What was the impact of the vaccination campaigns that were implemented across the Without vaccination campaigns coordinated by local and state health departments toĮducate the public about the vaccine. These equations allowed us to provideĮstimates of how the outbreak unfolded-and how it might have unfolded differently We combined these disease and vaccinationĭata with a transmission model that turns our assumptions about disease transmissionĪnd progression into mathematical equations. The Michiganĭepartment of Health and Human Services attempts to follow-up with every reportedĬase of hepatitis A to record their risk factors and outcomes.Ī second database, called the Michigan Care Improvement Registry, records information about vaccinations. Michigan maintains a database called the Michigan Disease Surveillance System, which records incidence of reportable diseases, including hepatitis A. You developed a mathematical model to help determine the estimated rate of transmission.Ĭan you talk a little bit about the data that went into this model and what you found? That just because a vaccine exists, doesn’t mean everyone has access to it or willĬhoose to get it. For me, these outbreaks are an important reminder These recent outbreaks inĢ016, which have affected more than 30,000 people across the US, have been drivenīy person-to-person transmission among high-risk groups, such as people experiencing Single source, with little-to-no secondary transmission. Since the vaccine was introduced, most outbreaks have been foodborne, often from a We have had a vaccine for hepatitis A for over two decades. Of Michigan School of Public Health, to learn more about his findings in a new paper published in Epidemiology. We spoke to Andrew Brouwer, assistant research scientist in the Department of Epidemiology at the University However, recent outbreaks in Michigan beginning in 2016 have researchersĮager to learn more about the spread of the virus and investigate the impact of vaccinationĬlinic campaigns to help vaccinate high-risk populations. Since the introduction of a vaccine in 1996, incidence of hepatitis A has fallen to
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